Nutrients and vitamins play key roles in bone health and immunity

Nutrients such as vitamins and minerals play a critical role in maintaining bodily functions, including immune support, cell regeneration, and bone health. According to the Federal Center of Nutrition (BZfE), there are 13 essential vitamins divided into two categories: fat-soluble and water-soluble.

Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) are stored in the body and require fat for absorption. Vitamin D is particularly vital for teeth and bone strength, though deficiencies are common during winter months. Vitamin K is also essential for bone metabolism and blood clotting. In contrast, water-soluble vitamins must be consumed regularly as the body stores them in only small amounts.

Inadequate nutrient intake is a risk factor for osteoporosis, a condition where bone mass decreases and bones become porous and brittle. The German Rheumatism League notes that more than four million people in Germany are affected by osteoporosis, which increases the risk of fractures. Other risk factors include family history, lack of movement, smoking, alcohol consumption, and hormonal imbalances.