Poland faces rising personal debt and expanding fake B2B tax avoidance

Data from BIG InfoMonitor and BIK show that more than 2.5 million people in Poland have overdue obligations in 2024. The situation affects workers, small business owners, single parents and retirees. Advice for those with empty budgets emphasizes halting new loans, prioritising essential expenses such as rent, utilities and alimony, creating a detailed debt register and using legal protections like the free‑from‑seizure allowance.

At the same time, the number of taxpayers evading the second income‑tax threshold (120 k PLN) is growing. According to GUS, about 2.4 million people will enter the 32 % PIT bracket in 2025, while roughly 509 000 single‑person entities operate as fictitious self‑employed B2B contractors – about 20 % of all one‑person firms. This practice, especially common in IT, professional services and health care, reduces tax revenues and distorts competition, prompting experts to call for faster legislative changes.