Poland's schools face rising inequality amid immigrant influx and gimnazjum closure

Polish primary schools reporting classes with a high share of immigrant children show average test results around 65%, far below the performance of native pupils. Teachers cite language barriers that force them to spend lesson time on basic translation, limiting instruction for Polish students.

The 2016 abolition of the gimnazjum system, which previously provided a transitional year and mixed‑ability environment, is also identified as a factor widening educational gaps. Analysts argue the reform reduced mobility for rural students and removed a leveling stage, contributing to greater disparities in secondary‑school access and outcomes.