Reflect Orbital plans to use mirror satellites to illuminate Earth at night

California-based startup Reflect Orbital has begun accepting applications from users interested in using satellite-based solar illumination. The company aims to launch a constellation of up to 50,000 satellites equipped with large, deployable mirrors over the next decade to reflect sunlight onto specific locations on Earth after sunset.

Proposed applications for the technology include aiding search and rescue operations, illuminating agricultural areas and construction sites, and extending the operational hours of solar power plants. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has approved the launch of the first demonstration satellite, Eärendil-1, scheduled for 2026. This initial satellite is expected to feature a mirror approximately 18 by 18 meters, capable of illuminating an area roughly five kilometers wide.

While the company suggests the technology could reduce reliance on fossil fuels, scientists, astronomers, and environmental organizations have raised concerns. Critics warn of increased light pollution, disruptions to natural day-night cycles, and potential negative impacts on wildlife and human health. Reflect Orbital stated it is engaging in discussions with experts to avoid sensitive areas such as national parks and astronomical observation sites.