Reflect Orbital satellite illumination project

Reflect Orbital, a US-based space technology startup, is developing a constellation of satellites equipped with large, deployable mirrors designed to reflect sunlight toward Earth during nighttime hours. The project aims to provide controlled illumination for applications such as search-and-rescue operations, industrial work, agricultural support, and extending the operational hours of solar power plants.

To facilitate deployment, Reflect Orbital has entered into an agreement with India’s Skyroot Aerospace to purchase two dedicated launches using the Vikram-1 and the upcoming Vikram-1U rockets. The company has also begun accepting applications from potential users for its satellite-based solar illumination services.

The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has approved the launch of the first demonstration satellite, Eärendil-1, scheduled for 2026. This initial satellite is expected to feature an 18-by-18-meter mirror capable of illuminating an area approximately five kilometers wide. While the company suggests the technology could reduce fossil fuel reliance, the project has faced criticism from scientists, astronomers, and environmental groups regarding potential light pollution, disruptions to natural day-night cycles, and impacts on wildlife and human health.