Shanghai Cooperation Organisation faces influence challenges

The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) represents nearly half of the world’s population and approximately one-quarter of global GDP, yet its international influence remains relatively limited. While the group is a priority for China’s neighborhood diplomacy, member states often use the platform to pursue individual foreign policy goals.

Internal tensions, particularly between India and Pakistan, have frequently hindered consensus and expansion within the bloc. Reports indicate that both nations have historically blocked membership bids from other countries, such as Azerbaijan and Armenia. Additionally, while approximately 20 countries have applied to join, geopolitical friction and the domestic constraints of major powers like Russia continue to impact the organization’s ability to expand and act as a unified global force.