Solar energy expansion faces ecological and safety challenges

Rapid expansion of solar energy infrastructure is presenting distinct ecological and safety challenges in different regions.

In China, a study by researchers from Peking University and Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology indicates that the massive scale-up of solar plants is contributing to a decline in bird biodiversity. The research, published in the journal ‘Science’, suggests that the clearing of farmland and pastureland to meet government-mandated solar targets has negatively impacted both native and migratory bird populations across more than 2,300 counties. Lead author Huiming Zhang emphasized that the goal should be to make solar expansion more ecologically sound rather than slowing the energy transition.

In Germany, solar installations are facing localized issues with avian activity. Experts from the Konstanz Chamber of Skilled Crafts warn that pigeons frequently use the sheltered spaces under photovoltaic modules for nesting. The accumulation of nesting material, droppings, and deceased chicks can create a significant fire hazard. To mitigate these risks, officials recommend installing bird protection grids or brushes during the initial installation of solar systems to avoid higher costs and cleaning requirements later.