Spain revises frequency plan to launch private 5G networks and railway communications

Spain's Ministry for the Digital Transformation and Public Function issued a ministerial order updating the National Frequency Allocation (CNAF). The order reallocates the 900‑920 MHz band, previously used minimally for mobile services, to the Future Railway Mobile Communications System (FRMCS) and to government drone operations. It also repurposes the 3.800‑4.200 MHz band, formerly dedicated to fixed satellite services, for 5G use.

The changes create dedicated spectrum for critical railway communications, public‑safety drone missions and allow ports, hospitals, logistics centres and research facilities to deploy private 5G networks without relying on commercial operators. The plan follows international agreements and aims to meet growing industrial and public‑service needs.

These measures are intended to modernise Spain's rail network, enhance public‑security capabilities and foster the rollout of industrial‑grade 5G services across multiple sectors.