Spain sees sharp decline in men's testosterone levels, health experts warn

Medical specialists say that average testosterone levels in Spanish men have fallen dramatically over recent decades, now roughly half of what they were 50 years ago. The drop is linked to reduced libido, erection difficulties, poorer sexual performance and lower semen quality, raising concerns about male reproductive health.

Experts point to the growing, often unsupervised, use of testosterone supplements—sometimes sold for about €30 in gyms and sports centres, even to minors—as a contributing factor. They warn that such self‑medication can cause hormonal imbalances, long‑term fertility problems and psychological impacts such as loss of self‑esteem.

A recent study cited in a televised debate highlighted regional variations in sperm quality, underscoring the role of environmental and lifestyle factors. Authorities are urging stricter medical oversight of hormone treatments and greater public awareness of the risks.