Tito Karnavian clarifies definition of indigenous Papuans

Indonesian Minister of Home Affairs Tito Karnavian has clarified the ongoing debate regarding the definition of ‘Orang Asli Papua’ (OAP), or indigenous Papuans. The clarification follows concerns raised by Minister of Human Rights Natalius Pigai, who previously cautioned against defining indigenous groups based on political considerations to avoid impacting future representation.

Karnavian explained that the need for a clear definition stems from the revision of Law Number 2 of 2021 concerning Special Autonomy (Otsus) for Papua. The revision includes an increase in special autonomy funds from 2% to 2.25% of the national general allocation fund. These funds are specifically intended for the development and accelerated progress of indigenous Papuans, necessitating precise criteria for fund distribution.

Currently, there is no consensus on the criteria for OAP. Disagreements exist between those who require both parents to be indigenous, those who require only one parent to be indigenous, and those who include individuals adopted through customary law. Karnavian noted that these differing views exist both within the central government and within Papua itself. He stated that he has discussed these technical requirements with Pigai, who reportedly understands and agrees with the policy direction once the link to the Otsus funding mandate was clarified.