Vietnam braces for El Niño-driven heat, drought and health risks

Vietnam's Ministry of Agriculture and Environment warned that a strong to very strong El Niño event is likely, with a 60‑65 % chance of intensifying through late 2026 and early 2027. Forecasts predict higher than average temperatures, more frequent heatwaves, and a reduction of total national rainfall by 25‑50 %, while still allowing for occasional heavy rain and storms. The country may see eight to ten tropical systems, fewer than usual, with three to five affecting land, concentrating in northern Vietnam between July and September and in central regions from October to November. Reduced upstream flow in the Mekong River could increase saltwater intrusion in the Mekong Delta, threatening crops such as rice, coffee, pepper and durian.

Health experts highlighted the cardiovascular dangers of prolonged extreme heat. Temperatures of 36‑40 °C, amplified by urban heat‑island effects, strain the heart by increasing blood vessel dilation, sweating and circulatory activity, raising the risk of heart attacks, arrhythmias and hypertension complications, especially for the elderly, outdoor workers and patients on diuretics. Doctors urged regular hydration, shade, light clothing and prompt medical attention for symptoms like chest pain or rapid heartbeat.

Authorities recommended storing freshwater, adjusting agricultural schedules and crop choices, and expanding public health measures to protect vulnerable populations as the El Niño event unfolds.