Agrivoltaics development and implementation

Agrivoltaics, or dual-use solar, is an emerging practice that integrates solar energy production with agricultural activities like crop cultivation and livestock grazing. This method aims to meet energy demands while preserving farmland and supporting local economies.

Research suggests mutual benefits for both sectors. Solar panels can provide shade for livestock and protect crops from extreme weather, potentially increasing yields by creating more stable environments. Conversely, plant transpiration can cool the ground, helping to maintain higher solar panel efficiency compared to installations over bare soil or concrete.

While the practice represents less than 1% of global solar capacity as of mid-2025, experts note that even small-scale implementation could significantly assist regions in meeting renewable energy targets. In Minnesota, the Big Lake Farm is demonstrating this viability through a partnership between The Food Group, U.S. Solar, and Conexus Energy. Following a 2023 pilot, the project has transitioned to a permanent arrangement using a 1-megawatt solar array where crops are grown around the panels, supported by infrastructure such as irrigation systems and walk-in coolers.