China underwater perovskite solar cell development

Researchers from Yunnan University and the Southwest United Graduate School have developed and tested lead halide perovskite solar cells designed for underwater use. These cells are engineered to absorb specific wavelengths, such as blue and orange or blue-green light, that penetrate deeper into the ocean after red and infrared wavelengths are filtered out by water.

Field testing conducted near the Weizhou Islands in the South China Sea demonstrated the technology's capability at depths of two, six, and 10 meters. During these tests, the modules successfully powered an LED and charged lithium-ion batteries via underwater robots. The researchers reported a power conversion efficiency of 34.71% and noted that the cells, protected by rubber, glass, and resin, showed minimal degradation during simulated testing.

In a study published in the journal Joule, scientists confirmed the successful testing of what is described as the world’s first functional underwater solar power system. To combat the harsh marine environment, the team implemented multi-layer protection using rubber, glass, and epoxy resin to shield the cells from high pressure, salinity, and corrosion. This advancement is expected to provide an autonomous power supply for marine technology, including underwater sensors, cameras, communication systems, and robotic systems, supporting broader offshore renewable energy initiatives.