Research on physical and biological mental health links

Scientific research has increasingly identified correlations between physical health, biological markers, and long-term mental health outcomes.

Initial studies established that a higher ‘brain age’ relative to chronological age is linked to lower cognitive performance in working memory and executive functions, as well as increased depressive symptoms. Furthermore, long-term tracking suggests that high cardiorespiratory fitness during childhood and adolescence is associated with a lower risk of depression in adulthood, particularly among women.

Subsequent research has expanded on these links, suggesting that cardiorespiratory fitness also plays a role in anxiety management. One study noted that individuals with below-average fitness were significantly more likely to reach peak anxiety levels when exposed to distressing stimuli. Additionally, investigations into adolescent mental health have examined the impact of screen time, finding that while high levels of interactive screen use correlate with depression or anxiety, these associations are heavily influenced by genetic predisposition and family environment.