Swiss military funding and arms export debates

Swiss political and social organizations are engaged in debates regarding military expenditures and arms regulations. Initially, political factions focused on how to finance 1.3 billion francs for military rearmament. The Council of States proposed a 0.2 percent increase in value-added tax and the creation of a security fund. In contrast, members from the SVP, FDP, and Center parties proposed alternative funding through COVID-19 debt redirection, relief packages, and cuts to international cooperation. The Social Democratic Party rejected cuts to education and asylum services, suggesting instead a wealth tax or loosening the debt brake.

Following these fiscal discussions, opposition emerged regarding the War Materiel Act. The Christian Social Movement (KAB Schweiz) and the Green Party voiced concerns over proposed legislative revisions that could weaken controls on arms exports. Critics argue the changes might allow Swiss-made weapons to reach conflict zones through secondary sales by removing requirements for foreign governments to guarantee they will not transfer weapons to third parties without Swiss consent. Additionally, opponents expressed concern that the revisions would grant the Federal Council greater authority to grant export exceptions, thereby reducing parliamentary oversight.

This debate has progressed toward a national referendum. On November 29, 2026, Swiss voters will decide on an amendment to the War Materiel Act intended to relax restrictions for 36 selected partner states, including the United States, Germany, the United Kingdom, Canada, Japan, and Australia. The reform would allow exports to these nations even if they are engaged in warfare and would remove the requirement for recipient states to obtain Swiss consent before transferring weapons to third parties. While proponents argue the changes are necessary for the defense industry to maintain market access, opponents, such as the Swiss Peace Movement, argue the move weakens neutrality.