Asiatic lion conservation and management in Gujarat

Research on the Asiatic lion population in Gujarat indicates that the lions rely primarily on wild prey, such as nilgai and wild pigs, for the majority of their biomass. This natural diet potentially reduces pressure on domestic livestock and human-lion conflict.

To address human-wildlife conflict, the Gujarat Forest Department has commenced work on a specialized 100-hectare enclosure at Ambardi Safari Park, located near Dhari in the Amreli district within the Gir Protected Area. The facility is designed to house Asiatic lions that have been involved in attacks on humans, allowing them to remain within a natural environment while managing their interactions with local populations. According to Dr. Jaipal Singh, Principal Chief Conservator of Forests and Head of Forest Force, “Lions involved in human attacks will be kept in a suitable environment by fencing a designated area at Ambardi Safari Park.” This initiative is part of a broader scientific relocation strategy used to manage the population, treat injured animals, and protect both residents and wildlife.

A recent census released by the Gujarat government indicates the Asiatic lion population has increased to an estimated 891 individuals, representing a 32% increase from the 674 recorded in 2020. Chief Minister Bhupendra Patel credited this success to a conservation model involving modern technology, scientific research, and community participation. The lions' range has expanded from three to 11 districts over the last 25 years, including a return to the Barda Hills after 143 years. However, experts from the WWF warn that the subspecies remains vulnerable due to its concentrated territory in Gujarat, which increases susceptibility to epidemics, genetic issues, and extreme climate events.