Brazilian traffic regulations and code

The Brazilian Traffic Code (CTB) establishes specific regulations regarding vehicle operation, cargo transport, and intersection management.

Regulations for vehicle use include penalties for improper driving habits. Under Article 252, resting a foot on the clutch pedal is a medium infraction, carrying a fine of approximately R$ 130.16 and four points on a driver's license. Cargo transport is strictly regulated by CONTRAN Resolution 349/2010; items on a vehicle roof must be secured with appropriate racks or closed carriers. Transporting items directly on the car body is a serious infraction (Article 248) with a fine of R$ 195.23 and five points. If cargo falls onto the roadway, the violation is upgraded to a “very serious infraction” costing R$ 293.47 and seven points. Furthermore, cargo must not exceed 50 centimeters in height above its support, nor can it obstruct the driver's view or exceed width and weight limits.

In instances where traffic lights fail or operate in warning mode, intersections are treated as locations without traffic light control. Drivers must follow vertical signaling or specific priority rules: vehicles on highways or those in a roundabout have precedence, and otherwise, priority is given to the vehicle approaching from the driver’s right. Road width and traffic volume do not determine priority, and an intermittent yellow light serves only as a warning.

High-severity infractions include driving under the influence of alcohol or refusing a breathalyzer test, which can result in fines up to R$ 2,934.70 and a 12-month license suspension. Additionally, the Federal Highway Police (PRF) enforces mandatory rest laws; for example, a driver operating for 24 hours without breaks was fined R$ 130.16, and the vehicle was detained until the required 11-hour rest period was completed.