Poland healthcare fraud investigations

In July 2026 a Lublin resident discovered 559 phantom dermatology and laser procedures recorded in the national patient portal that he never received. The National Health Fund (NFZ) reimbursed roughly 59 000 zł for the fictitious services, prompting the patient to report the case to the regional NFZ office. Authorities opened a police investigation in April 2025 and continue to probe additional potential victims.

Within days, Poland’s tax authority announced an intensified campaign of audits targeting medical professionals. Over the preceding 18 months 82 inspections uncovered tax gaps totalling about 9.4 million zł, while broader checks of roughly 23 000 cases revealed irregularities amounting to near 109 million zł. The audits highlighted common compliance problems, including mis‑classification of aesthetic procedures for VAT exemptions and misuse of flat‑rate tax regimes.

Together, the two developments illustrate a widening crackdown on financial misconduct in Poland’s health‑care sector, encompassing both fraudulent reimbursement claims to the public insurer and tax evasion by doctors operating private practices or B2B contracts.