Portuguese agri-food sector economic trends

Portugal’s agri-food sector is characterized by high export volumes alongside significant structural challenges. In 2025, agri-food exports reached approximately 10.6 billion euros, representing 13.3% of the nation’s total goods exports. Key products include wine, olive oil, rice, fruit, vegetables, cork, paper, and cardboard, with the European Union serving as the primary market.

Despite these export figures, the sector faces a chronic trade deficit, which rose to 7 billion euros in 2025 as imports of essential commodities like cereals, meats, and oilseeds reached 17.6 billion euros.

Specific strategic sectors, such as wine and olive oil, are experiencing heightened economic pressure. While Portuguese wines receive international recognition, the industry is struggling with production surpluses, declining global consumption, and distribution difficulties, particularly in the Douro region. Similarly, while the olive oil sector maintains high quality with over 90% extra virgin production, it faces instability from rising costs, logistical tensions, and global competition. In response, these industries are increasingly exploring technological innovations, such as Artificial Intelligence, to manage agricultural risks and improve efficiency.