Taiwan demographic crisis and population decline

Taiwan is experiencing a significant demographic shift characterized by changing household structures and a projected population collapse. Recent data from the Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics shows that for the first time, households with two or fewer people account for more than half of the total (51.6%). One-person households have risen to 17.33%, surpassing four-person households for the first time.

Building on these structural changes, the National Development Council (NDC) released projections indicating that Taiwan’s total population could drop by 48% by 2075, falling to approximately 12.15 million people. This decline is driven by low fertility rates and an aging population. By 2037, individuals aged 45 to 64 are expected to make up more than half of the working-age population, creating a tightening labor supply.

In response to the crisis, the government has established a strategic task force for population policy. This follows previous ‘Family Support’ measures and aims to introduce new strategies regarding elderly care, talent development, and global recruitment.