Hellenic Navy modernization and autonomous systems

Greece is pursuing a multi-faceted modernization of its naval capabilities aimed at the year 2030. Initial projections focused on fleet composition and firepower, specifically a scenario involving 14 frigates equipped with 224 Vertical Launch System (VLS) cells to enhance anti-aircraft defense and anti-submarine warfare in the Eastern Mediterranean.

This modernization strategy has expanded to include a specific focus on autonomous technology. Under the ‘Agenda 2030’ initiative, the Greek Minister of National Defence announced plans to establish the Hellenic Navy as a European leader in autonomous platforms. This includes the mass production of the Greek-designed ‘Pyropolitis’ unmanned vessel and the integration of artificial intelligence into maritime operations. To support these advancements, Greece has inaugurated specialized training centres and manufacturing facilities for unmanned and autonomous maritime systems.

Recent developments highlight the progress of the FDI (Defense and Intervention) frigate program through the Naval Group shipyard in Lorient, France. The Hellenic Navy is awaiting the delivery of the Nearchos by the end of the year, followed by the Formion in December, while the Themistokles is currently in assembly with an anticipated delivery in 2028.

Furthermore, the ‘Agenda 2030’ initiative is prioritizing the development of autonomous systems capable of surveillance, reconnaissance, and coordinated swarming operations. This includes the inauguration of the Inter-branch Training Centre for Unmanned and Autonomous Maritime Systems at the Skaramangas Naval Base, complementing the 309th Unmanned Means Manufacturing Factory and the Inter-branch Training Centre for Unmanned Aerial Weapons in Tripoli.